Method of curbing appetite



United States Patent This invention relates to novel anorexogenic compositions comprising a compound selected from the group consisting of l-(chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propanes having the formula Q-crn-pn-om and their pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic acid P addition salts and a pharmaceutical carrier. The invention also relates to a novel method of curbing appetites.

Various compounds are known which are capable of curbing the appetite to cause weight losses but these compounds have various disadvantages such as requiring such high dosages to curb the appetite that undesirable side efiects occur. Since the appetite curbing activity is very often connected with the central nervous system stimulating activity, unpleasant conditions of excitation occur if the appetite curbing activity and the central nervous system stimulating activity occur in the same dosage range. Also, there is sometimes the danger of causing a condition of euphoria. Therefore, the quotient of central nervous system stimulating dose appetite curbing dose and their pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic acid addition salts and a pharmaceutical carrier. The said compositions usually contain 0.1 to 25%, preferably 0.25 to 18%, by weight of the l-(chlorophenyl)-2-piperidinopropane.

The novel compositions are preferably adapted for peroral use for convenience but may be used in other forms such as suppositories. The compositions are preferably in the form of tablets, coated pills, gelatin capsules, Wafer capsules, drops, suspensions, etc. for peroral use.

Examples of suitable inert pharmaceutical carriers are sugar syrups, potato starch, talcum, polyethylene glycols, lactose and suppository bases such as cocoa butter or 3,251,756 Patented July 19, 1966 Witepsol H12. The compositions may also contain preservatives such as esters of p-hydroxy benzoic acid and flavorings.

Examples of suitable acids for forming the acid additions salts are hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phos-,

phoric acid, hydroibromic acid, methane sulfonic acid, tartartic acid, maleic acid, citric acid, phthalic acid, etc.

The novel method of the invention for curbing appetites comprises administering an effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of l-(c-hlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propanes having the formula and their pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic acid addition salts. The usual single dose is 10 to 50 mgm. preferably 25 mgm., of the said compounds and the usual daily dosage is 20 to mgm., preferably 50 mgm, of the said compounds.

The 1(chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propanes of formula I can be prepared by reacting the a-piperidino propionitrile with a Grignard reagent prepared from magnesium and an o-, mor p-chlorobenzyl chloride in an inert organic solvent. The acid addition salts may be made in the usual known methods.

In the following examples there are described several preferred embodiments to illustrate the invention. Howver, it should be understood that the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments.

Example I .l (p-chloro-phenyl) -2-piperidin0-pr0pane A solution of 13.8 gm. of a-piperidino-propionitrile in ether was added dropwise to a Grignard reagent prepared from 4.8 gm. of magnesium powder and 32.2 gm. of pchloro-benzylchloride in ether accompanied by stirring of the resultant mixture. The reaction mixture was then heated for 1 to 2 hours on a Water bath and then acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid. The reaction mixture was divided into an aqueous acidic phase and an ethereal phase. The latter was separated and discarded and the aqueous phase was made alkaline with ammonia. An oily substance separated out and was extracted with ether. The ether solvent was removed by vacuum distillation and the oily distillation residue was 13.5 gm. of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidin0-propane which had a boiling point of -126" C. at 0.6 mm. Hg.

The hydrochloric acid addition salt of the product was prepared by adding an ethereal solution of hydrochloric acid to the oily product. Upon recrystallization from acetone, l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride had a melting point of ZOO-201 C.

Example II.-1-(0-chl0r0phenyl) -2-piperidin0-pr0pane Using the procedure of Example I, 20.7 gm. of ozpiperidino-propionitrile in absolute other were reacted with a Gr-ignard reagent prepared from 7.2 gm. of magnesium powder and 48.3 gm. of o-chloro-benzyl chloride in ether to form 34 gm. of l-(o-chlorophenyl)-2piperidino-=propane having a boiling point of 116-1 17 C. at 0.3 mm. Hg. 1-(o-chl0rophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride on being recrystallized from acetone had a melting point of 211 C.

Example IIl.1-(m-chl0r0y2henyl) -2-piperid'in0-pr0pane Using the procedure of Example I, 20.7 gm. of apiperidino-propionitrile were reacted with a Grignard rethereto.

agent prepared from 7.2 gm. of magnesium powder and 48.3 of rn-chlorobenzyl chloride in ether to form 30 gm. of I-(m-chlorophenyl) -2-pi'peridino-propane having a boiling point of 110-112" C. at 0.4 mm. Hg. l-(m-chlo-rophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride on recrystallization from acetone had a melting point of 227 C.

PI-IARMACOLOGICAL COMPOSITIONS Composition ISyrup.65 gm. of sugar were dissolved in about 35 mol of distilled water with warming and the resulting syrup was cooled and filtered. 0.48 gm. of citric acid monohydrate, 0.01 gm. of red food dye No. 1, 0.52 gm. of sodium secondary phosphate dihydrate and 0.25 gm. of 'l-(ip-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride were dissolved in about 30 ml. of distilled water and introduced into the sugar syrup with stirring. 0.07 gm. 01f methyl p-hydroxy benzoate and 0.03 gm. of propyl p-hydroxy benzoatc dissolved in 3 gm. of pure ethanol were then stirred into the syrup. After stirring 0.4 gm. of raspberry flavoring into the syrup, the syrup was filtered. cc. of the syrup contained 25 mgm. of 1-( p-chlorophenyl -2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride.

Composition II-Capsules.-200 mgm. of milled l-(pchlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride were suspended in 900 mgm. of polyethylene glycol 400 with a homogenizer and the suspension was put into No. 2 gelatin capsules containing 110 gm. of the suspension per capsule by a Scherer rotary die process.

Composition III-Wafer capsules.200 mgm. of r-(pchlorophenyl)-2-piperdino-propane hydrochloride were admixed with 4800 mgm. of lactose. Afiter the mixture was passed through a 0.3 mm. mesh screen, the mixture was filled into wafer capsules containing 500 mgm. of the mixture.

Composition I V-Tablets.A starch mucilage was prepared from 0.1 gm. of potato starch and 2.0 gm. of dis- .tilled water and 0.1 of polyethylene glycol 6000 was dissolved therein. A mixture of 2.5 'gm. of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride, 4.2 gm. of lactose, 4.1 gm. of potato starch, 0.9 gm. of talcum and 0.1 gm. of maleic acid was intensively kneaded with the starch mucilage and after passing the resulting mixture through a 0.1 mm. mesh screen to form a granulate, the granulate was dried at 40 C. The dried granulate was again passed through a 0.1 mm. mesh screen and then was pressed into 120 mgm. tablets having a diameter of 7 mm.

Composition VCoated pills.-The tablets of composition IV were coated with a gel of sugar and talcum and were then polished with the aid of beeswax to form coated pills weighing 200 mgm. and containing 2 5 mgm. of 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride.

Composition VIDr0ps.-1.5 gm. of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride, 0.48 gm. of citric acid, 0.52 gm. of sodium secondary phosphate dihydrate, 0.2 gm. of sodium saccharin and 20 gm. of sugar were dissolved in about '60 cc. of distilled water. 0.07 gm. of methyl p-hydroxy benzoa-te and 0.03 gm. of propyl p-hydroxy benzoate were dissolved in cc. of pure ethanol and 0.5 gm. of orange flavoring were added The ethanol solution was added to the aqueous solution with stirring and the resulting solution was diluted with Water to 100 ml. and then filtered. 1 ml. of the solution contained 15 mgm. of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidine-propane hydrochloride.

Composition VII-Supp0sitories.165.0 gm. of a suppository base (Witepsol H12) was melted and heated to 35 C. and 5.0 gm. of finely divided l-(p-chlorophenyD- Z-piperidino-propane hydrochloride was homogeneously distributed therein. The composition was cooled to 32 C., and poured into precooled molds to form suppositories weighing 1.7 gm.

4 PHARMACOLOGICAL DATA A. Appetite curbing activity.-Groups of 6 male rats of approximately the same body weight were fed a feed (Altromin-Stickfeed) and water as needed. During the tests, one group of rats served as a control and three groups of rats received the test substance. The rats were weighed and then the feed was removed for 24 hours while they had free access to Water. At the end of the 24 hour 'period, the rats were weighed again and then given free access to feed and water. At the end of the 24 hour period the control rats received subcutaneously 0.5 cc. of a sodium chloride solution at three intervals of 2 hours each. The test animals at the same time intervals received 0.5 cc. of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride in solution at various concentrations. At the end of the six hours the rats and the untouched feed were weighed and the feed consumption per g. 01f body weight was calculated which for the control group was about 2.0 g. per 100 gm. of body weight. At the end of 24 hours after the start of the injections, the feed consumption and body weight were again determined. The animals were fed again after a rest period of one week. The results of the test are summarized in Table I.

TABLE I Percent average reduction of Subcutaneous dose rug/kg: feed consumption The ED determined graphically from the above values, was 14 mgm./kg.

The LD of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperdino-prop-ane hydrochloride was determined to be 265 tug/kg. subcutaneously in rnice. The LD is therefore about 19 times greater than the B13 B. Central nervous system stimulating activity.The central nervous system stimulating activity of l-(p -chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride was determined by measuring the mobility of rats in vibrating cages according to the method of Sc'hlagintweit (Arch. Exp. Path. and Pharm., vol. 131, 1928, p. 212). The method was modified in that the motoric excitation of the rats was registered by means of electrical contacts and the dose was given subcutaneously. The results are summarized in Table II.

TABLE II Average number of released contacts Dose-mg/kg: per hour The table shows that the test product does not have any central nervous system stimulation since the standard value of 15000 contacts per hour (ED was not obtained.

C. Therapeutic qu0tient.-The therapeutic quotient souo) of 1-( p-chlorophenyl) -2-piperidino-propane hydrochloride is larger than 7.0

100 mg./kg.

5 tion is to be limited only as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The method of curbing appetites in animals which comprises administering by oral administration or rectal administration a compound selected from the group consisting of l-(chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propanes having the formula o 112% 11-0 in 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the compound to be administered is selected from the group consisting of l-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-pr0pane and its acid ad dition salts.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the compound to be administered is selected from the group consisting of l-(m-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidinopropane and its acid ad dition salts.

5. A method of curbing appetites of animals which comprises daily administering by oral administration or rectal administration 20 to 100 mgm. of the hydrochloride of l-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-piperidino-propane to curb the appetite of the animals.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the amount administered is 50 mgm.

References Cited by the Examiner FOREIGN PATENTS 851,660 10/1960 Great Britain.

JULIAN S. LEVITT, Primary Examiner. FRANK CACCIAPAGLIA, JR., Examiner.

SAM ROSEN, Assistant Examiner. 

1. THE METHOD OF CURBING APPETITES IN ANIMALS WHICH COMPRISES ADMINISTERING BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION OR RECTAL ADMINITRATION A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF 1-(CHLOROPHENYL)-2-PIPERIDINO-PROPANES HAVING THE FORMULA 